Valerian is a well-known Indigenous traditional medicinal herb with a variety of applications, most commonly as a remedy for sleep. The perennial herb grows to about 4-5 feet tall and features hollow stems, feathery green leaves, and small clusters of flowers. Most of the medicinal properties derive from the plantís roots. For 2,000 years, the plant has been used for its medicinal properties across Europe, Asia, and North America. Valerian contains 150-200 chemical components that produce a range of pharmacological and biological activities. The main active compound, valeric acid, has been found to interact with neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin and adenosine to produce calming effects on the central nervous system. As such, Valerian is most commonly used as a natural remedy for insomnia, anxiety, stress, and mood regulation. Other common uses include muscle relaxation and digestive support. The leaves, roots, stems, and rhizomes are typically used in herbal medicine.